What are Skin Spots?
Spots occur on the skin due to excessive production or irregularity of melanocyte cells that give the skin its natural color. Although most of the spots are caused by exposure to sunlight for a long time, genetic factors, hormonal drugs, pregnancy and some chemical substances can also disrupt the melanocyte cell structure. In general, spots on the face, hands, back and chest areas exposed to sunlight can both cause a bad appearance and in some cases, may be a harbinger of serious health problems such as skin cancer.
Types of Skin Spots
Acne, which is caused by the skin’s excess oil production, usually occurs during adolescence. Acne caused by make-up, excessive sweating, stress, depression or hormonal changes; acne can appear as black or white dots. Squeezing acne or not treating it properly can lead to permanent spots on the face.
Melazma
melasma; It is the name given to black or brown spots that appear especially in sun-exposed areas. Melasma, which is frequently seen on the nose, forehead, upper lip and cheeks, can occur in men, although it is often seen in women. Besides sun rays, pregnancy, birth control pills, cosmetic products and genetic factors can also cause melasma.
Vitiligo
As a result of the death of melanocyte cells or insufficient production in the body, milky-white spots occur on the skin. Vitiligo spots are usually seen on the face, arms, legs and genital area. Although genetic factors are thought to cause vitiligo, the exact cause is not known.
Sunspots
Sunspots, which occur more frequently in the summer months, are seen on the parts of the body that are exposed to the sun. The color of sunspots that become permanent on the skin may become darker in summer. Sunspots that look like freckles but are larger than freckles; It can also occur due to different factors such as cosmetic products, pregnancy, and goiter.
Freckles
Freckles, especially seen in fair-skinned people, occur as a result of the concentration of melanocyte cells in certain areas. Freckles, which can be yellow or brown, can appear in childhood as well as in adulthood. Freckles that darken as a result of sun exposure; It is more common in areas such as the face, back and hands.
Causes of Skin Spots
In addition to the above-mentioned skin problems and long-term exposure to the sun, other factors that cause skin spots can be listed as follows. Procedures such as waxing, epilation, peeling performed in the summer months, Some blood pressure medications, heart medications and antibiotics, Genetic predisposition, Advanced age, Pregnancy, Hormone therapy, Use of expired or wrong cosmetic products, Skin infections, Excessive oily and spicy diet, Not consuming enough water, Smoking and alcohol use.
Mesotherapy
In the mesotherapy method; amino acids, antioxidants and multivitamins are injected under the skin with a fine needle and cell regeneration is provided in the stained area. As a result of the regeneration and dispersion of melanocyte cells, both skin blemishes are treated and a healthy appearance is obtained on the skin.
Chemical Peel
With chemical peeling, which provides effective results in superficial stains and scars, the upper layer of the skin is peeled and collagen synthesis is provided in the area where the treatment is applied. It is very important to protect the skin from the sun after the chemical peeling process, which ensures the regeneration of cells. The person should be careful not to pick the skin that peels off in about 1 week.
Cryotherapy
The spots are frozen with liquid nitrogen and the treated area becomes crusted after a while. Cryotherapy, in which the spots are removed by the falling of the crusts, may cause short-term redness and swelling.
PRP
The platelet-rich plasma part of the blood taken from the person is separated and injected into the skin. Thanks to the clot cells used in the PRP application, the spots heal, the skin is renewed and gains a bright appearance.
Laser Therapy
Laser therapy is one of the most commonly used methods in the treatment of skin blemishes. While the pigment cells are renewed by absorbing the laser beams, other cells are not affected by these rays. However, care should be taken to apply laser treatment carefully to dark-colored or tanned people. Besides the stained areas, other dark areas may also be affected by laser beams.
Dermapen
The pen-shaped dermapen device has many fine needles at its tip. After the serums applied to the skin, the dermapen device is moved over the stain and invisible holes are formed in the area. As a result of the bleeding of the area where the procedure is performed, the repair mechanism of the skin is activated and the skin is regenerated and thus the formation of stains is removed. As with chemical peeling, dermapen treatment is not recommended in summer.
